Black and white portrait representing gummy smile concern showing excess gum visibility at CAMIBlack and white portrait representing gummy smile concern showing excess gum visibility at CAMI

Gummy Smile: Why It Happens and How Botox Addresses It

Excessive gum exposure when smiling is most commonly caused by a hyperactive upper lip elevator muscle. Precise neurotoxin placement reduces the pull and creates a more balanced smile.

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Facial Balancing

A gummy smile isn’t about your teeth. It’s about the muscle pulling your lip up.

What It Is

A gummy smile refers to the visible exposure of more gum tissue than is conventionally considered aesthetically balanced when smiling. The clinical threshold is typically more than 3–4mm of gum tissue visible above the upper teeth during a full smile, though patient perception and aesthetic preference vary.

It’s a common concern — affecting an estimated 10–15% of the adult population — and one that is highly treatable non-surgically in the majority of cases where muscle hyperactivity is the primary driver.

Why Patients Seek Treatment

Patients with a gummy smile often describe years of self-consciousness about their smile — covering their mouth when they laugh, avoiding photos that show their full smile, or feeling that their teeth look small relative to the amount of gum visible. Many are surprised to learn that an injectable treatment can correct it in one appointment without surgery.

UNDERSTANDING THE SCIENCE

The upper lip elevator muscle pulls the lip too high. A precise neurotoxin placement reduces that pull.

What Causes It
Common Signs
Why It Changes Over Time
How It's Commonly Addressed
01

What Causes It

A gummy smile has three potential drivers, which may appear independently or in combination.

Hyperactive upper lip elevator muscles: The most common cause. The levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (LLSAN) and related muscles pull the upper lip upward when smiling. In patients with a hyperactive LLSAN, the lip travels higher than average — exposing more gum tissue than intended. This is the component most consistently addressable with neurotoxin.

Short or hyperactive upper lip: Some patients have an anatomically short upper lip or a lip that travels more than the average 6–8mm during a full smile. This amplifies the degree of gum exposure even without skeletal or gingival factors.

Vertical maxillary excess: In some patients, the upper jaw sits lower than ideal relative to the lip, pushing more gum tissue into view regardless of muscle activity. This is a skeletal factor that non-surgical treatment addresses only partially.

02

Common Signs

Patients with a gummy smile typically notice:

  • More than 3–4mm of gum tissue visible above the upper teeth when smiling fully
  • A smile that feels disproportionate — gums rather than teeth dominating the expression
  • Self-consciousness about smiling in photos or social settings
  • Awareness that the smile looks different from how it feels from the inside
03

Why It Changes Over Time

A gummy smile driven by muscle hyperactivity tends to remain relatively stable throughout adulthood — it’s a structural and muscular characteristic rather than a progressive aging change. Some patients report it becoming more noticeable as the upper lip thins slightly with age, reducing the tissue that partially conceals the gum line.

Consistent neurotoxin treatment actually produces a mild cumulative effect over time: the muscle atrophies slightly with repeated relaxation, and some patients find that their dose requirement decreases and their duration extends after several treatment cycles.

04

How It's Commonly Addressed

The approach depends on the degree of gum exposure and what’s driving it.

  • Wrinkle relaxers (Botox/Dysport): The first-line treatment for hyperactive upper lip elevator muscles. A small, precisely placed dose in the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (LLSAN) reduces the muscle’s contractile force, allowing the upper lip to rest lower when smiling. Results are visible within 3–5 days and last approximately 3–4 months. One of the most precise and impactful applications of neurotoxin in aesthetic medicine.
  • Lip filler: Adding volume to the upper lip can reduce the visual contrast between the lip and gum tissue, creating a more balanced smile appearance. Often used in combination with neurotoxin for more complete results.
  • Orthognathic or periodontal surgery: For cases driven by skeletal anatomy or excessive gum tissue rather than muscle hyperactivity, surgical options exist. CAMI addresses the muscular component non-surgically and refers appropriately when the cause falls outside our scope.

We Relax The Muscle First. Then We Assess Whether Anything Else Is Needed.

At CAMI, gummy smile treatment begins with an assessment of how much of the gum exposure is muscular versus structural. The vast majority of patients presenting with this concern have hyperactivity of the LLSAN as the primary driver — which is the component we address with neurotoxin.

Placement is precise and conservative on first treatment. The LLSAN sits in close proximity to other muscles that control upper lip movement and expression — overdosing affects the natural smile in ways that are immediately noticeable and take several months to resolve. We assess response at the two-week mark and adjust at subsequent treatments based on outcome. Most patients find their ideal dose within one to two treatment cycles.

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